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Its implications go well beyond the Earth itself, affecting even the future of space travel.

The farther away they get, the smaller distant galaxies look. But only up to a point, and beyond that, they appear larger again. Here’s how.

For a substantial fraction of a second after the Big Bang, there was only a quark-gluon plasma. Here’s how protons and neutrons arose.

Ever since the Big Bang, cataclysmic events have released enormous amounts of energy. Here’s the greatest one ever witnessed.

When we see pictures from Hubble or JWST, they show the Universe in a series of brilliant colors. But what do those colors really tell us?

Although many of Einstein’s papers revolutionized physics, there’s one Einsteinian advance, generally, that towers over all the rest.

The familiar terrain of solids, liquids, and gases gives way to the exotic realms of plasmas and degenerate matter.

The first stars in the Universe were made of pristine material: hydrogen and helium alone. Once they die, nothing escapes their pollution.

Positron emission tomography (PET) scans use positrons — the antimatter equivalent of an electron — to locate cancer in the body.

Two of the answers add a dimension to physics that doesn’t belong there. Maybe we could call it “astrotheology.”

Yes, the Universe is expanding, but if you’ve ever wondered, “How fast is it expanding,” the answer isn’t in terms of a speed at all.

We’re separating the facts about EVs from the fiction.

Everything we observe beyond our Local Group is speeding away from us, omnidirectionally. If the Universe is expanding, where is the center?

A high-fat diet might trigger inflammation of the hypothalamus.

Realizing that matter and energy are quantized is important, but quantum particles aren’t the full story; quantum fields are needed, too.

Quantum wormholes are mathematically possible — but might also be physically impossible. Physicist Janna Levin explains Hawking’s famous information paradox.

It could one day fuel nuclear fusion reactors.

Economics and religion help to explain the gap.

You might think it’s impossible to run out of wind, but Europe’s “wind drought” proves otherwise. And it’s only going to get worse.

Gamma-ray bursts are among the most energetic cosmic events of all. On October 9, 2022, a remarkable one occurred: the brightest ever seen.

In the early stages of our Solar System, there were three life-friendly planets: Venus, Earth, and Mars. Only Earth thrived. Here’s why.

Nobel Laureate Roger Penrose, famed for his work on black holes, claims we’ve seen evidence from a prior Universe. Only, we haven’t.

Here’s why the answer may forever elude scientists.

Yes, dark energy is real. Yes, distant galaxies recede faster and faster as time goes on. But the expansion rate isn’t accelerating at all.

NASA’s space telescopes and observatories bring humanity unrivaled science images and scientific discoveries. Here’s what should be next.

Every proton contains three quarks: two up and one down. But charm quarks, heavier than the proton itself, have been found inside. How?

The concept of ‘relativistic mass’ has been around almost as long as relativity has. But is it a reasonable way to make sense of things?

It’s not just fun: DNA origami has the potential to revolutionize engineering at the nanoscopic scale.

From quarks and gluons to giant galaxy clusters, everything that exists in our Universe is determined by what is (and isn’t) bound together.

Known as the Great Oxygenation Event, Earth froze over as oxygen accumulated in our atmosphere, nearly driving all life extinct.