Space Exploration

Space Exploration

extraterrestrial
Despite all that we've discovered, Earth remains the only planet definitively known to possess life. Here's how to find a second example.
A graph showing star brightness over time during a Kuiper Belt occultation event, with a grayish planet above and two plotted lines labeled Fukushima and Kiso Obs—shedding light on the discovery of distant atmospheres.
A relatively tiny world in the Kuiper belt, just 500 km in diameter, has an atmosphere after all, joining Pluto. Here's what we know today.
A detailed view of Neptune’s largest moon, Triton, showing its icy surface with light and dark regions, photographed against a black background.
Triton is Neptune's largest moon today, but it was once the undisputed king of the Kuiper belt. Here's why the outer solar system matters.
A deep space image showing numerous distant galaxies of various shapes and sizes scattered across a dark background, revealing just how empty is space between these cosmic islands.
There's a lot of room in interplanetary, interstellar, and intergalactic space, but just how low the densities go is truly mind-boggling.
pluto moons hubble
In 2006, the IAU defined "planet" for the first time, excluding Pluto and all other dwarf planets. In 2026, is it now time for a change?
A person with hair floating upwards looks out of a spacecraft window at Earth, filled with hope as clouds and oceans shimmer below—a view reminiscent of the Artemis II mission’s journey.
NASA has just sent astronauts back to the Moon for the first time since 1972 with Artemis II. So why would we cut NASA and NSF science now?
Antimatter rocket with a glowing blue exhaust travels through deep space, showcasing the marvels of interstellar travel amid distant galaxies and stars.
Our dream of journeying to other star systems has a big obstacle to overcome: the vast interstellar distances. Can antimatter get us there?
A hexagonal storm formation with a dark central vortex on a planet’s surface, showing swirling blue and tan cloud patterns.
From 2004 through 2017, Saturn was imaged many times and from many angles up close by Cassini. This new viral image isn't real; it's AI.
A distorted galaxy with two bright, horizontal bands and scattered stars, seen against a dark background. Image credit: NASA/ESA/CSA.
By looking at a giant, remarkable, edge-on protoplanetary system, astronomers have found a proto-protoplanet for the first time.
Four people wearing black shirts and eclipse glasses look up at the camera indoors, their excitement echoing the spirit of the Artemis II distance record mission.
Human beings have now traveled farther from Earth than ever before with Artemis II's flyby of the lunar far side. Here's how it happened.
Two glowing eyes peer out from a dark hole surrounded by rough, textured orange rocks with green lines.
Mars was warmer and wetter long ago. If anything was alive there, what came next was either a tragedy or a masterclass in survival.
apollo 8 earthrise
As the world teeters on the brink of nuclear war, distant, advanced civilizations would never know it. Earth appears peaceful from far away.
A labeled illustration shows the Large Magellanic Cloud, astronomers' most pristine star (SDSS J0715-7334), and the Milky Way galaxy connected by a wispy trail.
The 1st generation of stars formed, lived, and died very early on. But 2nd generation stars could still persist today. Did we just find one?
moon landing Apollo 11
Even though no human has stepped foot on the Moon's surface in 50 years, the evidence of our presence there remains unambiguous.
Futuristic Mars habitat with transparent walls, showing people tending to green plants and fungi inside. Astronauts and rovers are visible on the red, rocky Martian surface outside.
Instead of hauling heavy building materials across space, future astronauts may grow fungal shelters from spores, waste, and local regolith.
Two peculiar galaxies collide in deep space, forming bright clusters and swirling dust clouds—a striking scene that reveals the beauty and violence of the cosmos against a dark background.
Most massive galaxies are spiral or elliptical shaped. But peculiar galaxies showcase the beautiful violence that helps explain our cosmos.
bok globule barnard 68 dust wavelength
The image you're seeing isn't a hole in the Universe, and the cosmic voids that do exist aren't hole-like at all.
A black silhouette of an astronaut is suspended upside down by a cord against a solid red background.
Andy Weir’s novel blends humor, scientific rigor, and human ingenuity to make science fiction feel believable and thrilling.
Looking up at the night sky gives us a glimpse of the Universe beyond our terrestrial concerns. Here's the science of what's out there.
No matter what physical system we consider, nature always obeys the same fundamental laws. Must it be this way, and if so, why?
wormholes
Nothing lives forever, at least, not in the known Universe. But relativity allows us to get closer than ever: from a physics perspective.
A satellite with large solar panels orbits above Earth against a colorful space background, where the cosmic clouds resemble the Hand of God carved by a dead star.
The path to exploring the high-energy Universe was clear and compelling. Here's how 2025's cuts are still causing NASA casualties in 2026.
Side-by-side images of a nebula in space, showing colorful, wispy gas and dust shells surrounding a bright central region with numerous stars in the background.
Resembling a cosmic brain, the Exposed Cranium Nebula instead shows a dying, massive star, as JWST reveals. Its fate remains uncertain.
A man with short dark hair, wearing a dark t-shirt and smartwatch, gestures with his hands while standing in front of a plain white background.
23mins
Brian Cox examines why, despite billions of stars and trillions of planets, we have found no evidence of other intelligent life.
No civilization, no matter how successful, can last forever. What does the non-detection of intelligent aliens mean for our own longevity?
Illustration of astronauts working on a large spherical satellite or space station in outer space, with stars in the background.
3mins
Thanks to modern tech, Earth is now considered a ‘detectable’ planet. Astrophysicist Sara Seager explains how this idea can lead us to discovering life elsewhere in our universe.
Voyager
No human has ever left the Solar System, and only six already-launched spacecraft will ever exit it. Will Voyager 1 remain the most distant?
A radio telescope observes a distant galaxy; insets show a magnified view of the galaxy—home to the most distant laser—and a spectral graph. Illustration attributed to IDIA.
Forget about the terawatt lasers we're making on Earth. The Universe makes natural ones thousands of times more powerful than the Sun.
A satellite with extended accordion-like solar panels or reflectors, possibly supporting AI data centers in space, orbits above Earth, with the planet’s surface visible in the background.
There are plenty of engineering obstacles, and those can be overcome. But you cannot change the laws of physics, and those matter too.
A solid orange rectangle fills the entire image without any patterns, text, or distinguishing features.
Science fiction romanticized Mars as a place of adventure and future settlement; science tells a very different story.